Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum, pharmacologically active beta-lactam antibiotic effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Amoxicillin is stable in the gastro-intestinal tract and has higher absorption than naturally occurring penicillins when administrated orally. Amoxicillin is a widely used antibiotic in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment and prevention of respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary and skin bacterial infections due to its pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties (Sousa, 2005). Amoxicillin is de-activated by bacterial β-lactamase or penicillinases.
Description
In human medicine amoxicillin is commonly used in combination with clavulanic acid, a penicillinase inhibitor; it is not normally used with clavulanic acid in veterinary use. Amoxicillin is used in many domestic and food animals, including cats, dogs, pigeons, horses, broiler chickens, pigs, goats, sheep, pre-ruminating calves (including veal calves) and cattle. In dogs and cats, amoxicillin is used in respiratory and urinary infections and in soft tissue wounds caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria (Pfizer, 2004). In poultry, amoxicillin is used for the treatment of susceptible infections of the alimentary, urogenital and respiratory tracts (APVMA, 2007). In pigs, amoxicillin is used to treat major respiratory tract pathogens, mainly caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Streptococcus suis and Pasteurella multocid
Dosage
In food-producing animals, amoxicillin is approved for use as amoxicillin trihydrate for oral suspensions equivalent to 40 mg amoxicillin twice daily for piglets under 4.5 kg; a soluble powder of amoxicillin trihydrate at 400 mg/45.5 kg body weight (bw) twice daily for pre-ruminating calves, including veal calves, administered by drench or by mixing in milk; amoxicillin trihydrate boluses containing 400 mg of amoxicillin per 45.5 kg bw for pre-ruminating calves, including veal calves; and as a sterile amoxicillin trihydrate powder for use as a suspension at 6.6–11 mg/kg bw once a day, administered by intramuscular (i.m.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection in cattle. For sheep, amoxicillin is approved for use as a sterile i.m. injection suspension containing 50 mg/ml at a dose rate of 7 mg/kg bw once a day; as a 150 mg/ml long-acting amoxicillin trihydrate oily i.m. injection suspension at 15 mg/kg bw every two days; and as a 200 mg/ml i.m. injection at 1 ml/20 kg bw for cattle, sheep and pigs (Virbac, 2008, 2011).
Features of Oral Amoxicillin For Goats
Developing antibiotics of the highest quality is a longstanding tradition at Ceva. The company has mastered the main anti-infective molecules currently on the world veterinary market. Ceva provides practitioners with sound expertise in the sustainable use of veterinary anti-infectives. The majority of products developed are available in injectable form with different formulations to provide a fast or delayed (long) action. Some of those injectable anti-infectives (Vetrimoxin® LA, Tenaline® LA, Spirovet®…) are presented in the innovative CLAS® (Ceva Layered Anti Shatter) vials. The use if this new technology ensures that the antibiotics can be bottled in lightweight, shock resistant, stable and easy to use vials.
The main families of molecules formulated and developed by CEVA include:
- Beta-lactams: penicillin, amoxicillin (oral and injectable VETRIMOXIN® L.A,
- Oxytetracycline (TENALINE® 20% L.A. )
- Erythromycin (injectable ERYTHROCINE® 200 ),
Contra indications
As with all penicillins , amoxicillin may cause hypersensitivity(allergy) and shouldnt be used when an animal is known to be allergic to beta-lactams.
Administration to animals with a serious impaired renal function.
Concurrent administration with tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides and lincosamides.
Occasional local reaction of a transient nature may occur at the site of injection .
Dosage and Administration
Shake well before use
Cattle and Sheep : By intramuscular route only .
Dogs : By subcutaneous only.
The recommended dosage rate is ***0mg amoxicillin per kg/bw, one time daily ; or 0mg per 1kg bw, one time for two days .
The maximum injection volume at any site is :
Cattle : *5ml sheep : 3ml dogs : 1.8ml
Large does volume should be divided and given into separate sites
Prices of Oral Amoxicillin For Goats
$34.76 – $85.99