Proper fertilizer application is of the utmost importance in the growth and development of grape vines. The use of fertilizers for grapes is essential to their growth, health, and fruit production. If you have a grape vineyard and need expert advice on how to fertilize and the choice of fertilizers for your grape vines, this article will give you clarity on your concerns.
Grapes (Vitis vinifera) are the primary product of the vineyard. Grapes are the fruit grown on the grape vines. When fertilizing any plant, the produce or purpose of the plant will determine the type of fertilizers to apply. In the case of grapes, you are fertilizing to increase the yield and size of the grape fruits. So any fertilizer you are applying to your grape vines must contain nutrients that support bigger grapes and increased yield.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the main nutrients grape vines need to increase yield and grow bigger grape fruits. Any fertilizer you are applying to your grape vines must contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and Potassium, the NPK, and other nutrients like calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, sulfur, and boron, in different proportions depending on the age of the grape vines.
Nitrogen and phosphorus support rapid foliage growth and strong root development as well as the overall health of the grape vines. Potassium, calcium, and magnesium support the grape fruit’s size and strengthen the grape vines, increasing their resistance against different plant diseases. The micronutrients like iron, boron, and sulfur help in various biological activities, including photosynthesis and the translocation of nutrients.
Grape vines need different fertilizers at different growth stages. Young grape vines need fertilizer that contains high nitrogen and phosphorus because they are just growing and need nutrients that support leaves and root development; nitrogen and phosphorus do just this. Older grape vines that have started flowering need more potassium than nitrogen and phosphorus. Potassium supports early fruiting and bigger fruit size as well as protects the vines against turgidity and moisture stress.
The point I want you to understand is, the nutrient requirements and fertilizers for grapes change as the grape vines grow older and bigger. That said, this piece is not complete without giving fertilizer recommendations for grape vines. Here are some top fertilizers you can feed your grape vines for guaranteed yields, bigger grapefruit sizes, and the overall health of the grape vines:
- The Fruit, Citrus & Vine 4-2-3 Organic Fertilizer with MYKOS Mycorrhizae: Best organic fertilizer for grapes
- Vine Vitality All-Purpose Fish & Kelp Liquid Fertilizer Concentrate: Best liquid fertilizer for grapes
- GS Plant Foods Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer: Best mineral supplement for grape vines
- Fairhaven Vitis-Max Grape Vine Fertilizer: Best nitrogen fertilizer for grape vines
1. The Fruit, Citrus & Vine 4-2-3 Organic Fertilizer with MYKOS Mycorrhizae
The Fruit, Citrus & Vine Organic Fertilizer is a balanced plant food that contains essential nutrients and MYKOS Mycorrhizae to promote fruit production and enhance soil health. This fertilizer is specially formulated for grape vines, citrus trees, banana trees, and other fruits.
The Fruit, Citrus & Vine Organic Fertilizer is formulated with an NPK ratio of 4-2-3 and a beneficial soil microbe that facilitates the delivery of more nutrients to make the plant develop a stronger root system, produce abundant, highly tasty, and more nutritious fruits. This fertilizer is organic, and it is safe for use around children and pets.
Characteristics:
- Double Certified Organic
– 100% Natural and Organic
– Safe for people, pets, and the environment
– Contains MYKOS Mycorrhizae
– Increases nutrient accessibility
- Promotes more efficient use of water and nutrients
– Promotes better stress tolerance to heat and dehydration
– Enhances plant sustainability
– Contains premium organic ingredients
– Includes Calcium, Magnesium, and Sulfur
– Added Kelp, Humic Acid, and Earthworm Castings
– Turn any soil into a SUPER SOIL
Formulation Details:
– 4-2-3 Organic Fertilizer with MYKOS Mycorrhizae plus Kelp & Humic Acid
– Contains at least 85,000 MYKOS mycorrhizal propagules per 2.2 lb bag
– 25% MYKOS Mycorrhizae, 75% Organic Fertilizer
Additional Information:
– For use in soil amending, transplanting, and established plants
– Fertilize every 2 months for optimal results
– MYKOS Mycorrhizae is a natural and organic species of mycorrhizae fungi
– MYKOS can transport nutrients over large distances and deliver them directly into the roots
– Helps generate a stronger root system by forming a symbiotic relationship with plants
– Certified organic by CDFA and OMRI for organic gardening by the USDA
– Fast-acting fertilizer for fruit, citrus, and vines for a more abundant harvest
Application Guide
Target Plants: The Fruit, Citrus & Vine Organic Fertilizer is typically formulated for grape vines, berries, citrus trees, banana trees, papaya trees, and other fruit trees.
Application Forms: Available in granule form.
Application Rate: For young grape vines, apply 1 tablespoon per plant, and for established grape vines, apply 1 cup per plant.
How to Apply: For young grape vines in pots, mix the Fruit, Citrus & Vine Organic Fertilizer with the potting soil and water immediately after application. For established grape vines, make a hole 2 inches deep around the base of the plant and sprinkle the Fruit, Citrus & Vine Organic Fertilizer in these holes. Cover with the topsoil and water immediately after application. You can add mulch to cover moisture and regulate the soil temperature.
When to Apply: Apply the Fruit, Citrus & Vine Organic Fertilizer every 2 months throughout the growing season for effective results.
2. Vine Vitality All-Purpose Fish & Kelp Liquid Fertilizer Concentrate
The Vine Vitality All Purpose Fish & Kelp Liquid Fertilizer Concentrate is a balanced plant food that contains essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals to promote healthy grape vine growth and increased yields. This fertilizer is a concentrated formula that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at a ratio of 4-4-0.5.
The Fish & Kelp Liquid Fertilizer is safe for use around children and pets; it is made from a hydrolyzed fish and kelp blend. You do not have to worry about this fertilizer burning your grape vines’ roots or other parts, it is purely organic and perfect for organic gardening.
Characteristics:
– Formulated for a variety of growing needs
– Enhances plant growth through a natural blend
– Safe and eco-friendly
– Perfect for organic gardening and farming
- Accelerates root growth and increases yields
- Contains mineral-rich kelp for growth and resistance
– Can be used as a foliar spray
– Restores critical nutrients and enhances microbial activity
Formulation Details:
– Made from freshwater fish
– Hydrolyzed cold process to preserve beneficial nutrients
– N-P-K ratio of 4.0 – 4.0 – 0.5
– Makes up to 32 gallons, depending on application
Additional Information:
– Manufacturer: Vine Vitality
– Date First Available: April 13, 2015
– No harmful chemicals, safe for use around children and pets
– Customers find the fertilizer effective in keeping plants healthy and blooming
Application Guide
Target Plants: The All Purpose Fish & Kelp Liquid Fertilizer Concentrate is typically formulated for grape vines, citrus trees, papaya trees, and other fruit trees and garden crops.
Application Forms: Available in liquid.
Application Rate: 2 ounces of Vine Vitality concentrate with 1 gallon of water.
How to Apply: Shake the bottle very well before application. Mix 2 ounces of the Vine Vitality All-purpose fertilizer in a gallon of water and apply through fertigation, through irrigation water directly to the root zones, or directly on the leaves as foliar feed using the watering can or knapsack sprayer. Do not mix this fertilizer with other fertilizers, fungicides, or pesticides.
When to Apply: Apply the Vine Vitality All-purpose liquid fertilizer every month during the growing season.
3. GS Plant Foods Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer
GS Plant Foods Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer is a nutrient-rich supplement with an N-P-K ratio of 2-0-0, containing calcium, magnesium, iron, and sulfur. This fertilizer is suitable for grape vines because it contains high nitrogen and essential minerals.
The Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer is recommended for treating grape vines’ nutrient deficiencies, such as yellowing of the leaves and other micronutrient deficiencies. Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer is best applied to young grape vines to ensure nutritional balance and enhance the rapid growth of roots and foliage, It can also be applied throughout the growth cycle of the grape vines to support the overall health of the plant.
Characteristics:
– Highest percentage of combined secondary nutrients and micronutrients available on the market
– Special formulation using natural chelates to efficiently deliver nutrients to plants
- Easy to use, can be mixed with fertilizers or water and applied to soil or as a foliar spray
– Regular feedings can eliminate secondary nutrient and trace element deficiencies
- Guaranteed analysis includes Total Nitrogen, Nitrate N, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Boron, and Molybdenum
Formulation Details:
– Mix 1 teaspoon to a gallon of water
– Can be applied up to two times a week
– Recommended to stir before each use
Additional Information:
– Customers find the fertilizer works well for their needs and provides good value for the money
– Helps plants thrive with more blooms and healthier vegetation
– Appreciated for its calcium content, ease of use, and longevity
Application Guide
Target Plants: The Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer is typically formulated for grape vines, citrus, and other fruit trees.
Application Forms: Available as a liquid fertilizer.
Application Rate: One teaspoon of Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer to a gallon of water.
How to Apply: Mix the Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer in the appropriate amount of water and apply to the grape vines through to the root using a watering can or knapsack spray, or directly to the leaves as a foliar spray. Shake well before use.
When to Apply: Fertilize the grape vines with Cal-Mag Extreme Liquid Fertilizer twice per week throughout the growing cycle.
4. Fairhaven Vitis-Max Grape Vine Fertilizer
The Fairhaven Vitis-Max Grape Vine Fertilizer is a premium fertilizer specifically formulated for grape vines. This fertilizer contains essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at a ratio of 21-06-11 NPK to promote healthy growth and abundant fruit production. Vitis-Max Grape Vine Fertilizer can be applied to grape vines at any growth stage; it contains high nitrogen and phosphorus to support the growth of foliage and root; it also contains high phosphorus for high yield of grape fruits
Characteristics:
- Lasts all season long
– Will not burn vines
– Resin-coated prills open in the presence of moisture and close during dry conditions
– Contains full range of nutrition tailored for grape culture
– Single-season application
– Organic controlled release
Formulation Details:
– Apply 2 oz per vine on the surface or with planting mix
- One pound can treat 8 vines
– NPK 21-06-11
Additional Information:
– Manufacturer: Fairhaven Vine Nursery
– Date First Available: May 27, 2017
– Discontinued By Manufacturer: No
Application Guide
Target Plants: Vitis-Max Grape Vine Fertilizer is specially formulated for grape vines.
Application Forms: Available in granular form.
Application Rate: 2 ounces of the fertilizer per vine.
How to Apply: Make a hole about 2 inches deep around the base of the grape vine and pour the fertilizer. Water immediately after planting.
When to Apply: Apply the Vitis-Max Grape Vine Fertilizer every 2 months throughout the growing season.
Soil Preparation For Growing Grape Vines
Grapes planted in most soil types require some fertilizer to grow their best. Excessive soil nutrients through indiscriminate fertilizing, however, cause vines to grow rapidly while fruit production and quality decrease. Different types of nutrients should be applied to grapes throughout the growing season.
All types of grapes require a warm planting site with full sun and moderate water. An area that has adequate sun, soil with a pH of 5 – 6.5, and well-drained but not soaked with enough nutrients to grow just well must be chosen.
If a soil test reveals rich soil, you might want to err on the lighter side when it comes to fertilizer applications. Grapevines will generally require more nutrients as they mature. If the results of your test show the soil pH is fine but magnesium is lacking, add 1 pound (0.5 kg.) of Epsom salts for every 100 square feet (9.3 square meters).
Should you find your soil is lacking in phosphorus, apply triple phosphate (0-45-0) in the amount of ½ pound (0.22 kg.), superphosphate (0-20-0) at the rate of ¼ pound (0.11 kg.), or bone meal (1-11-1) for 2 ¼ pounds (1 kg.) per 100 square feet (9.3 square meters). Lastly, if the soil is low in potassium, add ¾ pound (0.34 kg.) of potassium sulfate or 10 pounds (4.5 kg.) of greensand.
Apply organic fertilizers like compost or well-rotted animal manure, rich in nitrogen, two weeks after planting. Reapply annually in the early spring, right before growth starts. Do not apply nitrogen later in the season as it will delay ripening, inhibit coloring, and create a tender, late-season growth that will be damaged in the winter. Four to six inches of mulch may be applied to help control weeds and conserve soil moisture. For a more productive harvest, plant grapes in raised beds or hills.
Best Time To Fertilize Grape Vines
Grapevines need to be fed throughout the growing season. The most important time to fertilize is when the vine is actively growing, between bud break and leaf fall. If you are using a granular fertilizer, spread it around the drip line of each vine in early spring (around the first week of April). If you are using a liquid fertilizer, apply it with a hose-end sprayer every two weeks from bud break until leaf fall.
Apply plant food for grapes just when the buds begin to emerge in the spring. Fertilizing too late in the season can cause overly extensive growth, which may leave the plants vulnerable to winter injury. Apply the fertilizer in a circle around the grape vines, 4 feet (1.2 m.) away from each vine. In successive years, apply about 8 feet (2.4 m.) from the base of the plants that appear to lack vigor.
Tips and Precautions of Fertilizing Grape Vines
- Always test the soil pH before fertilizing the grape vines.
- Use protective gear like gloves and a nose mask to prevent direct touch and inhalation when applying the fertilizers.
- Store the fertilizers in a cool and dry place.
- Keep fertilizers out of reach of children and pets
- Do not apply the fertilizers in harsh weather conditions
- Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding the dosage and application for the best result.
- The plant must be fertilized early in the season and be watered regularly
Conclusion
Knowing when and how to fertilize the soil for enhanced grape vine growth is crucial for the desired growth and quality of grapes produced. The fertilizer grape vines should be rich in essential and micronutrients. Once the grape vine is successfully established, a well-tended plant can be productive for 40 years or more.